This is something that I've been noticing recently. If I try to leave a planet to head to another one that is circling the one I'm on, very often the orbital unit will fly out into space... and end up back on it's home planet. Every time. It's simply become impossible to get to some planets it seems.
This happens on many randomly generated systems that I have seen, usually with one planet that has two orbiting it. The generator places the first orbiting planet too close to the initial planet and you bounce back to the original one when trying to move to it. The second orbiting planet doesn't have the problem.
Well, it wasn't a system I created myself. Maybe someone else did in the system editor, but even so that should be fixed. If the game itself allows you to create a broken system where interplanetary travel is not possible, that's a problem.